Murshidabad Violence

 Murshidabad Violence: A Detailed Account of the April 2025 Unrest

In April 2025, the Murshidabad district of West Bengal became the epicenter of significant unrest following protests against the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025. The demonstrations, initially peaceful, escalated into violent clashes, resulting in multiple casualties, injuries, and widespread property damage. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the events, their causes, and the subsequent responses from authorities and political entities.

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Background: The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025

The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, introduced substantial changes to the administration of Waqf properties across India. Critics argued that the amendments infringed upon religious freedoms and minority rights, leading to widespread concerns, particularly among Muslim communities. In West Bengal, which has a significant Muslim population, the Act was met with strong opposition. Various groups organized protests to express their dissatisfaction, with Murshidabad district witnessing some of the most intense demonstrations.

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The Unfolding of Violence

The protests in Murshidabad began peacefully but soon turned violent. On April 8, 2025, demonstrators blocked National Highway 12 at Umarpur, disrupting traffic and setting police vehicles on fire. The situation deteriorated further on April 11 when protesters vandalized public and private vehicles, attacked the office of local Member of Parliament Khalilur Rahaman, and set a police jeep ablaze. Train services were disrupted as protesters squatted on railway tracks and pelted stones at a stationary train at Nimtita railway station.

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On April 12, a violent mob attack resulted in the deaths of two members of the same family, Hargobind Das and his son Chandan Das, when their residence was targeted. A 17-year-old, Izaz Ahmed Sheikh, also died after being shot during the unrest. Over 400 people, including women and children, fled from areas like Dhulian, Suti, and Shamsherganj in Murshidabad district, seeking shelter in neighboring Malda district. Authorities imposed Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code in affected areas, restricting public gatherings, and suspended internet services to prevent the spread of rumors. 

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Government and Judicial Responses

In response to the escalating violence, the Government of West Bengal deployed additional police personnel to the affected areas. Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee appealed for calm and stated that the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, would not be implemented in West Bengal. The Calcutta High Court directed the deployment of central forces, including units of the Border Security Force (BSF), to assist in maintaining law and order. The court also sought a status report from the state government regarding the steps taken to control the situation. 

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Political Reactions

Leader of the Opposition Suvendu Adhikari described the violence as a "premeditated act" by extremist elements and called for strict legal action against those responsible. He announced compensation for Hindu families affected by the violence, stating that 86 shops and houses were destroyed and looted in Murshidabad. 

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West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee condemned the violence and appealed for peace across all communities. She clarified that the state government would not implement the newly-enacted Waqf (Amendment) Act, describing it as legislation brought by the central government, and questioned the need for protests in the state. Banerjee urged people of all religions to remain calm and refrain from engaging in any unrighteous behavior in the name of religion. She warned against political parties allegedly trying to incite riots for political gain and assured that strict action would be taken against those responsible for the violence.

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Community Impact and Relief Efforts

The violence led to significant displacement, with over 400 individuals seeking refuge in neighboring districts. Local authorities provided temporary relief, setting up shelters in schools and ensuring basic necessities for the displaced. Community leaders and activists called for dialogue and engagement rather than a solely militarized response, emphasizing the need for building trust within the community for lasting peace. 

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Conclusion

The Murshidabad violence of April 2025 underscores the complexities of implementing nationwide legislation in a diverse country like India. It highlights the importance of inclusive policymaking, effective communication, and proactive measures to address community concerns. As the region works towards healing and rebuilding, collaborative efforts between the government, judiciary, and civil society will be crucial in restoring peace and ensuring such incidents do not recur.